With technology and especially AI playing a major role in every domain nowadays, cyber security has become a topic of high interest among organizations. As cyber-attacks are also increasing, today’s article focuses on the overview of the cyber security in the Netherlands in 2024 and trends related to this topic.
The Growing Digital Threat to the Netherlands: Cybersecurity Challenges and Strategic Responses
The digital threat landscape in the Netherlands is vast and evolving. As a frequent target of cyberattacks and an indirect victim of cyber incidents that ripple across the global digital ecosystem, the country faces mounting cybersecurity risks. According to the Cybersecurity Assessment Netherlands (CSAN) 2024, released by the National Coordinator for Counterterrorism and Security (NCTV), state actors are ramping up their cyber activities and enhancing their capabilities, making the threat more complex and interconnected.
Escalating Cyber Threats and State Actor Involvement
One of the key findings in CSAN 2024 is the increasing involvement of state actors in cyber campaigns. These actors not only execute sophisticated cyberattacks but also leverage hacker groups to target critical infrastructures. Pieter-Jaap Aalbersberg, the National Coordinator for Counterterrorism and Security, emphasized the growing complexity and intensity of these campaigns, stating that they often blur the lines between academia, business, and intelligence operations.
Cyberattacks are rarely isolated incidents; they are frequently part of a broader strategy employed by states to advance their geopolitical goals. This includes orchestrating multiple cyberattacks in conjunction with disinformation campaigns and other forms of digital manipulation. As a result, risk management approaches must evolve to consider these interconnected threats and their cumulative impact.
Advancing the Netherlands Cybersecurity Strategy
Recognizing the urgent need for a robust cybersecurity framework, the Dutch government launched the Netherlands Cybersecurity Strategy (NLCS) in 2022. This initiative aims to create a digitally secure and resilient nation by implementing strategic measures and public-private collaborations. Alongside CSAN 2024, the government has presented a progress report to the House of Representatives outlining advancements in cybersecurity initiatives.
Key government efforts include:
- Countering cyber threats from hostile nations, particularly those conducting offensive cyber operations against Dutch interests
- Establishing a centralized cybersecurity organization by merging the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC), the Digital Trust Centre (DTC), and the Computer Security Incident Response Team for Digital Service Providers (CSIRT-DSP)
- Preparing for the implementation of the revised European Network and Information Security Directive (NIS2 Directive) into national legislation
- Conducting cybersecurity drills, such as the ISIDOOR IV exercise, to enhance crisis preparedness
The Rising Need for Cyber Insurance
Despite the increasing frequency and financial impact of cyberattacks, cyber insurance adoption in the Netherlands remains low. In 2023, the Dutch cyber insurance market generated only 101 million euros in gross premiums, a small fraction of the total non-life insurance sector. Although the market grew by nearly 50% last year, it remains underdeveloped due to insurers struggling with the fast-evolving nature of cyber threats.
Hiscox, a leading cyber insurer, limits its coverage to companies with annual revenues below 250 million euros to manage risk exposure. To qualify for insurance, companies must meet strict cybersecurity hygiene standards, such as maintaining backups of critical files. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) struggle to meet these requirements due to resource constraints.
Cyberattacks such as Business Email Compromise (BEC) incidents have surged, accounting for 73% of reported cyber incidents in 2024. These attacks often involve cybercriminals impersonating trusted contacts via email or messaging platforms. Experts predict that such attacks, along with ransomware threats, will continue to rise in 2025, leading to higher insurance premiums and claims.
Strengthening Cyber Resilience: A Strategic Approach
To effectively combat cyber threats, the Netherlands has structured its cybersecurity strategy around four core pillars:
- Enhancing Cyber Resilience: Strengthening digital security across government, businesses, and civil society organizations.
- Securing Digital Products and Services: Promoting the development and deployment of secure and innovative technologies.
- Countering Cyber Threats: Addressing cyber risks posed by both state-sponsored and criminal activities.
- Building Cybersecurity Expertise: Expanding the cybersecurity workforce through education and training initiatives.
Additionally, the government is focusing on five key priorities to enhance cybersecurity:
- Increasing awareness and understanding of cyber threats
- Expanding the availability of cybersecurity expertise in the labour market
- Strengthening risk assessment and management capabilities
- Developing clear and enforceable cybersecurity regulations
- Continuously reviewing and improving the national cybersecurity infrastructure
Looking Ahead
As the digital threat landscape continues to evolve, the Netherlands must remain proactive in its approach to cybersecurity. By strengthening its defences, fostering collaboration between public and private sectors, and continuously adapting to emerging threats, the country can build a resilient digital ecosystem capable of withstanding future cyber challenges.
References
Ministry of Justice and Security. (2022). Netherlands Cybersecurity Strategy 2022-2028. Retrieved from National Coordinator for Counterterrorism and Security: https://english.nctv.nl/topics/netherlands-cybersecurity-strategy-2022-2028
Ministry of Justice and Security. (2024, October 28). Cybersecurity Assessment 2024: turbulent times, unforeseen effects. Retrieved from National Coordinator for Counterterrorism and Security: https://english.nctv.nl/themes/cyber-security/news/2024/10/28/cybersecurity-assessment-2024-turbulent-times-unforeseen-effects
NL Times . (2025, January 31). Few companies adequately insured against growing cyber threats. Retrieved from NL Times: https://nltimes.nl/2025/01/31/companies-adequately-insured-growing-cyber-threats
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